Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway

  • Authors:
    • Wen-Dong Li
    • Neng-Ping Li
    • Dan-Dan Song
    • Jian-Jie Rong
    • Ai-Min Qian
    • Xiao-Qiang Li
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 21, 2017     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2929
  • Pages: 1262-1268
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Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of metformin on endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) migration and to explore the possible mechanisms. EPCs were treated with metformin, and the migration of EPCs was evaluated by wound healing and Matrigel invasion assays. We also examined the expression levels of of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs with or without metformin treatment via RT-PCR and western blot analysis, and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in EPCs under different conditions was examined by zymography. Moreover, we also assessed the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway to explore the possible mechanisms. Metformin treatment significantly downregulated matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 expression, and subsequently decreased the migration of EPCs. Increased levels of phosphorylated (p)-AMPK and LC3II expression, as well as decreased levels of p-mTOR and p62 contributed to this phenomenon. The AMPK inhibitor compound C reversed the effect exerted by metformin. In conclusion, our results showed that metformin inhibited the migration of EPCs by decreasing MMP-2 and MMP-9. The AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway was demonstrated to be involved in the regulatory mechanisms.
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May-2017
Volume 39 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Li W, Li N, Song D, Rong J, Qian A and Li X: Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway. Int J Mol Med 39: 1262-1268, 2017.
APA
Li, W., Li, N., Song, D., Rong, J., Qian, A., & Li, X. (2017). Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 39, 1262-1268. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2929
MLA
Li, W., Li, N., Song, D., Rong, J., Qian, A., Li, X."Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39.5 (2017): 1262-1268.
Chicago
Li, W., Li, N., Song, D., Rong, J., Qian, A., Li, X."Metformin inhibits endothelial progenitor cell migration by decreasing matrix metalloproteinases, MMP-2 and MMP-9, via the AMPK/mTOR/autophagy pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 39, no. 5 (2017): 1262-1268. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.2929